Old and New Conflict in the Clash of Sharia and Law

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Assistante Prof,Departement of Islamic Law, Women's and Family Research Institute, Qom, Iran

10.22034/qjplk.2025.2116.1895

Abstract

This article examines a comparative study of two legal disputes over law that occurred in the legal history of Iran, approximately a century apart. The first dispute, which took place during the Constitutional Revolution, focused on the principle of the permissibility or prohibition of law. In this dispute, jurists were engaged in the discussion of whether legislation and law-making are permissible or forbidden. However, in the second dispute, which is ongoing in the present era, "law" no longer faces an existential crisis; rather, the contention is about the scope and limits of legal authority. Traditional jurists, relying on arguments such as the "theory of the completeness of Sharia," believe that Sharia has entered all areas, including customary domains (transactions), and that the law has no right to intervene in these areas. In contrast, jurists who can be termed "innovative" or "seeking transformation" argue that Sharia only addresses spiritual and otherworldly matters and has little role in customary domains. Therefore, the law can play a role in these areas. In this research, the author employs a descriptive-analytical approach to explore these two disputes and seeks to answer the question, through a comparative methodology, of what differences and similarities exist between these two legal disputes.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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  • Receive Date: 10 January 2025
  • Revise Date: 07 February 2025
  • Accept Date: 10 June 2025

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